What is Novel Drug Delivery System?
Drug Development

What is Novel Drug Delivery System?

What is Novel Drug Delivery System? A novel drug delivery system is a new way to deliver medication to patients. It can improve patient compliance, reduce side effects, and target specific areas of the body. Drug delivery systems is basically to provide a more efficient way of delivering drugs to the human body.

There are many different drug delivery systems, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The most common types of drug delivery systems are intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, transdermal, and oral.

What is Novel Drug Delivery System?
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Traditional drug delivery methods

There are many traditional drug delivery methods, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The most common delivery methods are oral, intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and intravenous (IV) injections.

Oral administration is the most convenient delivery method, but it also has the lowest bioavailability due to first-pass metabolism in the liver.

IM injections have higher bioavailability than oral administration, but they are more invasive and can be painful.

SC injections have even higher bioavailability than IM injections but require a larger needle. IV injections have the highest bioavailability of all delivery methods, but they are also the most invasive and can be dangerous if not done correctly.

Each delivery method has its benefits and drawbacks, so the best delivery method for a particular drug will vary depending on the individual patient and the specific situation.

The advantages of using a Novel Drug Delivery System

Numerous factors make the use of a novel drug delivery system advantageous. Perhaps most importantly, an NDD system can improve patient compliance by providing a more convenient administration method for the medication. For example, some NDD systems allow patients to self-administer their medicines in an easy-to-use format, such as a patch or an inhaler.

Another advantage of using an NDD system is that it can improve the efficacy of the medication. By delivering the drug directly to the site of action or increasing its bioavailability, an NDD system can ensure that the patient receives the optimal dose of the medication.

This can be particularly helpful for drugs that are poorly absorbed when taken orally. This is also useful for those that have a short half-life and need to be administered more frequently.

Finally, many NDD systems are designed to reduce the side effects of medications. By targeting specific cells or tissues, NDD systems can minimize exposure of healthy cells to the drug and reduce the likelihood of developing unwanted side effects.

How do Novel Drug Delivery Systems work?

Drug delivery systems is basically release the drug over an extended period and works by variety of mechanisms, including:

-Osmotic pressure: This is the most common type of drug delivery system. It works by using a semipermeable membrane to control the release of the drug. The membrane allows water to pass through while keeping the drug molecules trapped inside. As the water passes through, it creates an osmotic pressure that slowly pushes the drug out of the delivery system.

-Diffusion: This drug delivery system relies on diffusion to release the drug. The device contains a reservoir of the drug surrounded by a semipermeable membrane. The drug molecules are free to move through the membrane but are also attracted to the complete reservoir on the other side. As more and more molecules diffuse out of the reservoir, they create a concentration gradient that drives further diffusion.

-Electrostatic attraction: This drug delivery system uses electrostatic attraction to release the drug. The device contains two positive and negative electrodes that are separated by a semipermeable membrane. The positively charged electrode attracts negatively charged ions in the body, while the negatively charged electrode repels them. This creates an electric field that drives ions—and drugs—toward the positive electrode and out of the device.

-pH-sensitive gels: This drug delivery system uses a gel sensitive to pH changes. The gel release and swell the drug at optimum pH and squeezing the drug out of the delivery system.

-Temperature-sensitive gels: This drug delivery system uses a gel sensitive to temperature changes. The gel is highly sensitive to skin and swell at a certain temperature, which squeezes the drug out of the delivery system.

-Magnetic attraction: This drug delivery system uses magnetic attraction to release the drug. The device contains a magnet and works by a triggering the semipermeable membrane. The magnetic field works by creating the magnet attracts iron particles in the body, which are then transfer into the magnet and out of the device.

The different types of NDDS

The term “novel drug delivery system” (NDDS) covers a wide range of products and technologies used to improve drug administration’s safety, efficacy, or convenience. NDDS products include traditional small-molecule drugs, biologics, vaccines, and new formulations of these therapeutic agents.

There are three main categories of NDDS: modified release, targeted delivery, and combination products.

Modified release: Modified release NDDS are basically to change the drug molecule that how a drug works in the body. This is usually perform by changing the physical form of the drug (e.g., from a pill to a patch), by altering the route of administration (e.g., from oral to transdermal), or by changing the rate at which the drug is released (e.g., extended-release).

Targeted delivery: The function of targeted drug delivery is to increase the amount of drug reaching its target site in the body while minimizing exposure to other tissues.

This is important to targeting specific cells or tissues with nanotechnology-based carriers, developing antibodies that specifically bind to disease-related targets, or using “smart” polymers that respond to changes in their environment (pH, temperature, etc.).

Combination products: Combination products are NDDS that combine two or more active ingredients into a single product. Co-formulating multiple drugs can do into a single tablet or by packaging them together in a fixed-dose combination.

Conclusion

The field of nanomedicine continues to grow and progress at a remarkable rate. The development of novel drug delivery systems is one area of intense research and development, as these systems hold the potential to improve patient outcomes significantly. In this article, we briefly introduced a novel drug delivery system concept and highlighted some critical research areas in this exciting field. We hope this article has given you a better understanding of a novel drug delivery system and why it is such an essential area of study.

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